Victor Hugo : Une Figure Emblématique Victor Hugo (1802-1885) est l'un des plus grands écrivains et poètes de la littérature française, ainsi qu'une figure majeure du mouvement romantique. Né à Besançon, il manifeste très tôt un talent littéraire exceptionnel qui le propulse au premier rang de la scène culturelle de son époque. Son œuvre monumentale traverse divers genres. En poésie, il publie Les Contemplations et La Légende des siècles . En roman, ses chefs-d'œuvre mondiaux incluent Notre-Dame de Paris (1831) et Les Misérables (1862), des fresques poignantes qui dénoncent l'injustice sociale et la pauvreté. Ses écrits incarnent sa profonde compassion pour les opprimés. Parallèlement à sa carrière artistique, Hugo s'engage activement en politique . D'abord pair de France, il évolue vers des convictions républicaines progressistes. Son opposition farouche au coup d'État de Napoléon III en 1851 le contraint à un exil de dix-neuf ans sur les...
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Harmanpreet Singh
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Harmanpreet Singh will be remembered as one of India's greatest ever hockey players. He is now 12th on the list of goal scorers in international hockey, with 205 goals. For India, he is 3rd, behind Dhyan Chand (570) and Balbir Singh Sr (246). India got only 2 penalty corners throughout the Asia Cup final against China. Harmanpreet could not convert either. But he was instrumental in setting up the winner. He executed a beautiful solo run down the left flank right upto the Chinese baseline, and passed to Jugraj. Thus he acted as a forward during that move, foregoing his role of deep defender. It was a moment of 'total hockey' in keeping with 'total football' popularized by Netherlands in the 1970s.
Plassey and the Indian banker:
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JAGAT SETH The battle of Plassey was fought on 23 rd June 1757. It is one of the most significant battles in Indian history, as it led to the eclipse of Muslim power in India and the establishment of the British Empire in the subcontinent. One of the most famous Indian bankers of all time is Jagat Seth, who conspired against Siraj-ud-Daula, the Nawab of Bengal, in the Battle of Plassey. That gave the East India Company its first decisive victory in India and eventually helped establish its rule over the entire subcontinent. Various travellers of that time wrote about Jagat Seth's enormous wealth (one traveller described him as "the greatest banker in the known world"). The name Jagat Seth itself means banker to the world. The house of Jagat Seth came to achieve a reputation akin to that of the Rothschilds. According to some sources, the British economy in the 1720s was less than Jagat Seth’s' wealth. He had assets worth approximately 1000 billion pounds or more...
The Ides of March
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The Ides of March is the 74th day in the Roman calendar, corresponding to 15 March. It was marked by several religious observances and was notable for the Romans as a deadline for settling debts. In 44 BC, it became notorious as the date of the assassination of Julius Caesar which made the Ides of March a turning point in Roman history. Caesar was stabbed to death at a meeting of the Senate. As many as 60 conspirators, led by Brutus and Cassius, were involved. According to Plutarch, a seer had warned that harm would come to Caesar on the Ides of March. On his way to the Theatre of Pompey, where he would be assassinated, Caesar passed the seer and joked, "Well, the Ides of March are come", implying that the prophecy had not been fulfilled, to which the seer replied "Aye, they are come, but they are not gone." "Et tu, Brute?"is a Latin phrase literally meaning "Also you, Brutus?", often translated as "You too, Brutus?". The quote was m...
India's First Test Win In England
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Today is the 50th anniversary of India's first test win in England. Ray Illingworth's team was seemingly invincible, and had played 26 tests without a defeat coming into the match at the Oval. It was a record which was later broken by the West Indies under Clive Lloyd in the 1980s. The English unbeaten run was ended famously by India on 24th August 1971. Led by Ajit Wadekar, the Indian team won the third match of the series. They thus won the three-test series 1-0 and created history. England scored 355 in their first innings, with Bedi, Chandrasekhar and Venkataraghvan taking 2 wickets each. Solkar picked up 3 scalps, including Alan Knott for 90. In reply, India were tottering at 125-5 before Solkar and Engineer helped them put up a score of 284. Wadekar scored 48, Sardesai 54, Solkar 44 and Engineer 59 in that innings. Abid Ali and Venkataraghvan chipped in with 28 and 24 respectively. The game turned on its head on the fourth day, when Chandrasekhar dem...
Independence Day
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On the occasion of India's 75th Independence Day, a few random musings: India's per capita income is 38th in Asia behind countries like China, Vietnam, Sri Lanka, Iraq, Malaysia, Thailand, Indonesia The life expectancy in the country is around 70.8 years. India trails nations like Nepal, Indonesia, Iraq, Vietnam, Bangladesh, Malaysia, Thailand and Sri Lanka. The Indian literacy rate 77.7%. It is less than that of Indonesia, Iran, Sri Lanka, Vietnam, Thailand and Malaysia. So a lot remains to be done if India is to join the ranks of the elite developed countries.
World Cup Final
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It's time to move forward from the WTC defeat. In my pre-match analysis of the teams, I had said that New Zealand had a slight edge, because: 1. Their openers were better equipped to bat out England 2. Their pace attack was comparatively better. To add to this, New Zealand had a two-test warm-up series in England. This helped them get acclimatized and discover their best combination for the final. The only area where India had the clear advantage was in the spin department. Ashwin and Jadeja were far better than Ajaz Patel, the Mumbai-born left arm spinner who plays for Yorkshire. But the rain, the weather and the pitch ensured that they had minimal impact. Ashwin did take 4 wickets in the match, but Jadeja went wicketless. New Zealand did not even bother to include Patel in the playing XI. One more thing which went against India is Bumrah's lack of luck or form. He had not been that effective after his back surgery. In the final, he didn't take a sin...